Diving the SAS ''Transvaal''

The dive site SAS Transvaal is a recent wreck in the Smitswinkel Bay area on the False Bay coast of the Cape Peninsula, near Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa.

Understand

Map of the wrecks at Smitswinkel Bay: The SAS Transvaal is at the top

See also: Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay#Understand

Position

• S34°15.956’ E018°28.778’ 1 SAS Transvaal wreck bow
• S33°16.005’ E018°28.761’ 2 SAS Transvaal wreck stern

The SAS Transvaal is the northernmost of the 5 wrecks in Smitswinkel bay.

This site is in a Marine Protected Area (2004). A permit is required.

Name

HMSAS Transvaal F602 was one of three Loch class frigates transferred to South African naval forces while under construction. The ship was laid down at the yard of Harland and Wolff as HMS Loch Ard, and was launched at Belfast on 2nd August 1944 as HMSAS Transvaal. The ship was sold for scrap and scuttled by explosive charges in Smitswinkel Bay to form an artificial reef on August 3rd 1978. The sinking of these ships to form artificial reefs was opposed by the Department of Sea Fisheries (now Marine and Coastal Management), which at the time threatened legal action, however the vessels were sunk according to plan and have caused no recorded ecological or navigational hazard.

Specifications

Displacement	2000		tonnes
Length over all	93	.6	m
Beam	11	.7	m
Draft	5		m
Indicated power	5900		Hp
Engines	2		Vertical 4-cylinder triple expansion
Screws	2
Speed	19		knots
Endurance	7800		n. miles at 12 knots
Complement	114
Armament	1		Twin 4" HD Mk XIX
	4		2pdr Pom-Pom
	6		40mm Bofors Anti-aircraft
	10		20mm Anti-aircraft
	2		Squid anti-submarine mortars
	2		Depth charge throwers

Depth

Maximum depth is about 34 m on the sand, main deck about 29 m

Visibility

The visibility on the wrecks in Smitswinkel Bay is often better than at sites closer inshore and shallower. This may be due to less water movement at depth. Visibility on a good day may be more than 10 m, and on exceptional occasions has been more than 20 m, but do not be too disappointed if it is no more than 6 to 8 m.

Topography

Foredeck of SAS Transvaal showing the fracture aft of the winch

Forward superstructure of the wreck of SAS Transvaal

Deck above the machinery spaces on the wreck of the SAS Transvaal at Smitswinkel Bay

View inside the machinery space of the wreck of the SAS Transvaal

The wreck lies more or less upright on a flat sand bottom with bows to north east. The wreck retains its shape to some extent, though rust is taking its toll and the mast has fallen to the port side. The hull structure is collapsing and may be unstable.

The Bows have broken from the rest of the hull just aft of the foredeck winch and have fallen over to starboard. Aft of this the foredeck has sheared off the topsides along the starboard gunwale and subsided into the wreckage. The upper deck aft of the forward gun mount has collapsed, taking with it the remains of the forward superstructure. Aft of this the upper deck is open above a machinery compartment, where some heavy equipment is still moderately intact.

The quarterdeck is in relatively good condition. The deck plating has wasted away between the frames in many places, but the hull plating is mostly intact and the rudder and shaft brackets are still intact.

The wreck of the trawler Orotava lies a few metres off to starboard about 20 m forward of the transom.

Geology: The bottom of the bay is flat fine white sand. There are no rocks in the immediate vicinity.

Conditions

The site is exposed to swell from the south east, and to a certain extent, from the south west. Longer period swell will make conditions on the wrecks uncomfortable or hazardous due to strong surge, but short period waves will just make it uncomfortable on the boat. Visibility is less predictable, and at this time is largely a matter of luck and reports from divers who were in the area recently.

The site is usually at its best in winter but there are also occasional opportunities at other times of the year, though least often in summer, when the south east wind tends to blow much of the time.

Get in

See also: Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay#Boat dives

This site is only accessible by boat. It is about 5.1 km from the slipway at Miller's Point and 12.4 km from Simon's Town jetty.

See

Marine life

See also: Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay#The marine ecology

The wreck is too deep for much seaweed, but it is heavily encrusted with invertebrates, some of which are seldom reported from anywhere in this region except the Smits wrecks.

• 
  Barred fingerfin
• 
  Mauve sea cucumbers encrust large areas of the wreck
• 
  Sponges
• 
  Walking anemone eating Multicolour sea fan

Features

Recent wreck of World war II vintage warship in rather collapsed condition. Some of the structure is identifiable, and there is a large amount of machinery inside the wreck.

Photography

The water is usually quite green, and carries a lot of suspended matter, so macro photography with flash is the easiest option. Skilled photographers with fast lenses may manage good scenic photos with artificial illumination filling in the foreground, but most point and shoot cameras will not manage this, and you may be better off just trying for natural light shots with a wide angle or fisheye lens.

Routes

No particular route recommended. The wreck is fairly interesting from end to end. Challenging penetrations were possible, but the structure is collapsing and may be unstable. If you are interested in old, encrusted and difficult to identify machinery and equipment, the central part of the vessel provides vertical access to machinery compartments filled with this sort of stuff, which can be seen to a reasonable extent without actually penetrating the wreck.

Stay safe

See also: Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay#Stay safe

Hazards

The structure has become unstable due to corrosion, and there is a risk of collapse if there is a strong surge. Penetrations should be planned with this risk in mind. There is fine silt deposited inside the wreck, and if this is disturbed the visibility will rapidly deteriorate. This could disorientate a diver and make it difficult to find the way out.

Scorpion fish have been seen on the wrecks, and are well camouflaged. Their spines carry a dangerous venom.

Skills

Certification appropriate to the depth is expected. Some level of training or experience in wreck diving is recommended, and penetration should only be attempted by suitably competent divers after reconnaissance and appropriate planning.

Equipment

See also: Diving the Cape Peninsula and False Bay#Equipment

Equipment appropriate for the depth should be used. Nitrox is recommended for those competent to use it. A light is strongly recommended, and penetration should not be attempted without the appropriate equipment and planning. If you are not entirely certain what this would be, you are not competent to do the penetration.

Nearby

• 1 MFV Orotava
• 2 Good Hope Reef
• 3 MFV Princess Elizabeth
• 4 SAS Good Hope
• 5 MV Rockeater
• 6 Smits Cliff
• 7 Smits Reef
• 8 Batsata Rock

Back to the Alphabetical list of sites, or list of dive sites in the Smitswinkel Bay area

Other regional dive sites:

• Dive sites of Table Bay and approaches,
• Dive sites of the Cape Peninsula west coast
• Dive sites of False Bay offshore and approaches
• Dive sites of False Bay east coast
• Fresh water dive sites of the Cape Town Metropolitan Area