Prague/East bank of Vltava

The East of Prague is on the east side of the Vltava River beside the Old Town and New Town districts. It consists of the numbered districts of Praha 3, Praha 10, Praha 11 and Praha 12. Most of the sites listed are in the Cadastral district of Žižkov, which roughly corresponds to Praha 3.

Understand

Like many districts of the city, Prague 3 is socioeconomically diverse. The lower part of Žižkov around Husitská street is known for its high concentration of pawn shops and cheap bars, while the upper part near Jiřího z Poděbrad metro boasts many cafés and flashier apartments. Historically, Žižkov was a rough, working-class neighborhood, filled with factories, brothels and gambling bars. Often compared to the Paris neighborhood of Montmartre, Žižkov today is an economically diverse neighborhood filled with Czech families, foreigners and working artists. Žižkov is said to have more bars per capita than any other neighborhood in the world.

Praha 10 is an old district in Prague.

Get in

Žižkov

Prague 3 is served by the metro line A, which stops at Jiřího z Poděbrad, Flora, and Želivského. However, the heart of Žižkov (the oldest part of the neighborhood with most hotels and restaurants) is served by trams 5, 9, 15 and 26, with stops at Viktoria Žižkov, Lipanská and Olšanské náměstí. Other areas of Žižkov are served by trams 1, 10, 11 and 16.

Vinohrady

Stops Náměstí míru  A  or Jiřího z Poděbrad  A  and trams 4, 10, 11, 16 and 22.

Karlín

Stops Florenc  B  C  and Křižíkova  B  and Invalidovna  B . Trams 3, 8 and 24.

Vršovice

Trams 4, 6, 7, 22, 24. No metro connection, but you can go to Náměstí míru  A  and then use tram 4 or 22.

Troja

The fastest way to get to Troja and Prague Zoo is to take the metro to Nádraží Holešovice  C  (you can also get there on several tram or bus lines) and from there continue on bus 112 or the dedicated free ZOO bus (on weekends in high season) to the station Zoo Praha. This station is just between the zoo and castle, to get to the botanical garden, follow the marked way uphill (5–10 minutes). Alternatively, from May to October, you can take a steamboat from the city center (Rašínovo nábřeží). If you happen to be in the peninsula area of Praha 7, especially around Stromovka Park or Výstaviště, it can be a nice walk or a bike ride.

North

Northern areas of Prague are accessible via Palmovka  B  (Praha 8, southern part of Libeň district), or via Nádraží Holešovice  C  (Praha 7, Holešovice district), Kobylisy  C  or Ládví  C  (Praha 8, Ďáblice district - near the northernmost part of Prague).

See

Žižkov

Church on Jiřího z Poděbrad Square and Žižkov Television Tower

• 1 Žižkov Television Tower, Mahlerovy sady 1, Praha 3 (Jiřího z Poděbrad metro (A line)), ☏ +42 267 005 778, info@tower.cz. 10:00-23:00 every day. Rumoured to have been intended by the communists to jam western radio signals (but not completed until 1992), the most hideous building in Prague offers spectacular views of the city. The cafe at the top is a great place to grab a coffee and enjoy the view. Look for the giant metallic alien babies added to the outside of tower, which have helped to soften critiques of the tower's harsh architecture. Admission to the observation deck is 300 Kč (2023) for adults (there is no fee for restaurants or to access the park at ground level). (updated Jun 2023)
• 2 National Memorial on the Vítkov Hill (Národní památník na Vítkově) (15 minutes walk from Florenc metro (B and C lines)). "Žižkov Monument", located at the top of Vítkov Hill. This immense equestrian statue was erected in 1950 to commemorate the Czech national hero Jan Žižka, who fought his most famous battle on this site and later had the hill and the neighbouring city renamed after himself. The scale of the monument is impressive enough, but the views of Žižkov (and the rest of Prague) from the top of the hill really make the climb worthwhile.  
• 3 Military Museum (Armádní muzeum), U Památníku 2, Praha 3 (10 minutes walk from Florenc metro (B and C lines)), ☏ +420 973 204 924. 10:00-18:00. Closed for reconstruction until 2020. Showcases the uniforms, weapons, artifacts, and maps relating to the Czechoslovak armed forces during World Wars I and II. Interactive exhibitions on the World Wars from the Czechoslovakian perspective. Free entrance. Not recommended for young children due to shocking content (war crimes among others). Free. (updated Dec 2017)
• 4 Church of the Most Sacred Heart of Our Lord (Kostel Nejsvětějšího Srdce Páně), náměstí Jiřího z Poděbrad (Jiřího z Poděbrad metro (A line)). Probably the most unusual and monumental modern church, it dominates the big Jiřího z Poděbard Square. Among other things, it sports the biggest clock of the country. Built between 1928 and 1932 and designed by the Slovene architect Jože Plečnik. Candidate to get on UNESCO list. For modern architecture lovers, this is definitely a must! After visiting the church, you can buy something at the popular farmer's market nearby. (updated Jun 2016)

Žižkov Monument

Cemeteries

• 5 New Jewish Cemetery (Flora or Želivského metro (A line)). Franz Kafka's grave is signposted around 100m along the path to your right from the entrance. Men should cover their heads. The cemetery is closed on Saturdays.  
• 6 Olšany Cemetery, Vinohradska 153, ☏ +420 267 310 652, olsany@hrbitovy.cz. 08:00-19:00. After day in a busy city, a walk through the vast and calm Olšany Cemetery is a great idea! It is the largest graveyard in Prague, remarkable for its many art nouveau monuments. The cemetery has a calm and mysterious atmosphere, some parts of it are very old. Famous people such as Jan Palach (a student who set himself on fire in protest against apathy of people during communism), Klement Gottwald (the first communist president of Czechoslovakia), 19th-century writer Karel Havlíček Borovský, actors Rudolf Hrušínský and Jan Werich and many others are buried here. free. 
• 7 Old Olšany Jewish Cemetery, Fibichova, ☏ +420 221 711 511. M W 11:00-15:00, F 09:00-13:00, it's possible to arrange your visit on a different date. Used since the late 18th century, when the well-known Old Jewish Cemetery in Old Town ceased to be used. One century later, the bigger New Cemetery was built (see above). Located right under the Žižkov TV Tower, more than half of the cemetery was destroyed. At least the oldest part remained 50 Kč. (updated Jun 2016)

Troja

Troja Palace, Prague

Three of the main attractions of Troja (the zoo, the botanical garden, and the castle) are close to each other and make a great opportunity for a day trip. To save entrance costs, buy a Trojská karta (Troja Card). The price is 250 Kč for adults, 130 Kč for children and 650 Kč for families (two adults and two children). It also offers free entry to some bonus actions by these attractions. You can buy the Troja Card at ticket offices of these attractions or in the ticket office of Pražská paroplavební (Prague steamship company).

• 8 Prague Zoo (Zoo Praha), U Trojského zámku 3/120. Founded in 1931, it is well known for its significant contribution to saving many species, most notably the Przewalski horse. In 2008 Forbes Traveler Magazine listed Prague Zoo as the 7th best in the world. The zoo occupies 45 hectares (111 acres) and houses over 5000 animals that represent 674 species from all around the world (as of December 31, 2008). There is also a chairlift in the zoo.  
• 9 Prague Botanical Garden (Botanická zahrada Praha). Open air exhibitions including the historical vineyard of St. Claire and the Japanese garden. Tropical greenhouse Fata morgana. Each year in spring there is an exhibition of living butterflies.  
• 10 Troja Palace (Trojský zámeček). Baroque chateau with garden and art exhibitions.  

Others

Podolí Waterworks Building with Vyšehrad (see New Town and Vysehrad) behind

• 11 Intelligence Bridge ("The Bridge of Intelligentsia", officially named Branický most) (Nádraží Braník tram stop; the bridge has sidewalks for pedestrians, they are accessible through stair ramps at pillars.). A majestic railway bridge built in the 1950s, the longest ferroconcrete railway bridge in Europe. It was built by forced labour of members of the intelligentsia, who were transferred to manual professions by rule of communist government. As a monument to the stupidity of the communist rulers, only a single rail was laid on the two-rail bridge, because the second rail didn't fit into the tunnel on one bank. The bridge remains in service to this day and is used mainly for freight trains. 
• 12 Kbely Aviation Museum (Letecké muzeum Kbely), Mladoboleslavská, Praha 9 – Kbely (10 minutes by bus from Letňany metro (C line) - take bus number 159 or 185 to the stop Letecké muzeum.). May-Oct: Tu-Su 10:00-18:00. Part of the Military Museum, opened in the 1960s on the grounds of former military airfield. One of the largest museums of this type in Europe, has 275 aircraft, of which around 100 are displayed. Free. 
• 13 Invalidovna (Invalidovna metro (B line)). It may seem like a big chateau, but Invalidovna was a baroque dormitory in operation from 1737 for war invalids, built by famous architect Kilián Ignác Dientzenhofer. It was damaged during the 2002 floods and only the front facade has been reconstructed since. In front of the building there is a very nice and tidy park. (updated Jun 2016)
• 14 Podolí Waterworks Building (Podolská vodárna), Podolská 15 (Podolská vodárna tram stop (just three stops from Metro B station Karlovo náměstí)), ☏ +420 272 172 345, jiri.dejmek@pvk.cz. This monumental building from the late 1920s might look like a parliament building or at least a town hall, but it's just a waterworks. Located by the Vltava river, the industrial building was built in the neoclassical style by architect Antonín Engel. You can visit the museum of Prague water supply there. (updated Jun 2016)
• 15 St. Wenceslas Church (Kostel sv. Václava) (Čechovo náměstí tram stop). Big functionalist church by famous architect Josef Gočár in Vršovice. (updated Jun 2016)
• 16 Havlíčkovy sady (Gröbovka/Grébovka), U Havlíčkových Sadů (Krymská or Otakarova tram stop). A quiet little park with an interesting artificial cave building, "Grotta". A good relaxing place near the city center. (updated Oct 2016)
• 17 Chodov Fortress (Chodovská tvrz) (10 minutes walk from Chodov metro (C line)), ☏ +420 267 914 831, pokladna@chodovskatvrz.cz. (updated Oct 2018)
• 18 Libeň chateau (Libeňský zámek) (Palmovka metro (B line)). (updated Oct 2018)
• 19 Libeň Gas Reservoir (Libeňský plynojem), ulice V mezihoří 2228/2a (Krejcárek tram stop or Palmovka metro (B line)). A large metal ball which used to serve as a gas canister. You can not get inside, but it is still interesting to see it from the outside. (updated Oct 2018)
• 20 World of Jellyfish (Svět Medúz), Arkády Pankrác shopping center (On the top car parking floor). A jellyfish exposition accompanied with audio-visual effects, with more than 10,000 jellyfish specimens and 38 aquariums (including one of the biggest sphere-shaped aquariums of the world). (updated Nov 2019)

Do

• 1 SK Slavia Prague play soccer in the Czech First League, the country's top tier. Their home ground is Eden Stadium (now known as the Fortuna Arena), capacity 19,370, 3 km east of city centre. Take tram 4, 7, 22 or 24 along Vršovická street to Slavia stop, or bus 135, 136, 150 or 213. The nearest metro stations are Flora and Želivského, each about 25-30mins walk away. You can also take a train from hlavní nádraží to Praha-Eden station just south of the stadium.
• 2 Forum Karlín, Pernerova 53, Praha 8. Multifunctional auditorium for 3,000 people where different cultural events take place. 
• 3 Karlin Musical Theatre, Křižíkova 10, Praha 8. 
• 4 Palác Akropolis, Kubelíkova 27, Praha 3, ☏ +42 296 330 911, info@palacakropolis.cz. An alternative club that often hosts international rock acts. 
• 5 Podolí Swimming Stadion (Plavecký stadion Podolí) (300 m walking from tram station Kublov (lines 3 and 17)), ☏ +420 241 433 952. daily 06:00–21:45. Old, famous and big swimming areal including three big pools (one inside and two outside), fitness, sauna and massages (updated Jun 2016)
• Unikovehryvpraze.cz, Vítkova 244/8 Praha 8, info@unikovehryvpraze.cz. Escape games. You are ushered into the room, the door slams behind you and the clock starts. (updated Sep 2022)

Cinemas

• 6 Kino Aero, Biskupcova 31. Small art-house style cinema. Film festivals. Many English language films shown with Czech subtitles. 
• 7 Žižkov freight railway station (Nákladové nádraží Žižkov), Želivského 2. Old freight railway station, in operation between 1932-2002. In 2013 building became a cultural monument. Since 2016 area has been managed by the National Film Archive. Summer cinema and other activities are offered. (updated Jun 2016)

Eat

Budget

Around the main bus station

• 1 Pizzeria Aria, Křižíkova 267/9, ☏ +420 224 812 958. 11:00-23:00. A pizzeria on walking distance from the bus station, with great value for those who like Italian food. Pasta dishes for 115 Kč, but also the paella is recommendable for 180 Kc. They also serve Italian and local desserts such as tiramisu and medovnik. A very basic establishment for a quick lunch or dinner. Suitable for kids. (updated Mar 2018)

Around the A&O Hostel Prague Rhea

• 2 Kantýna Mezi Řádky Malešice, Počernická 524. (updated May 2022)
• 3 Hostinec V Aleji, Vykáňská 11. (updated May 2022)
• 4 Restaurace U Michálků, Černokostelecká 127. (updated May 2022)
• 5 Kebab Strašnice, Černokostelecká 830/23. (updated May 2022)

Around the Czech Inn hostel

• 6 Kinokavárna Pilotů, Donská 168. (updated May 2022)
• 7 U Houmra, Šumavská 20. (updated May 2022)
• 8 Hospůdka U Standy, Holandská 1. (updated May 2022)
• 9 Arirang - Sushi Grand, Rostovská 1012. (updated May 2022)
• 10 Sandokan Vegan Bistro, Korunní 1172/81. (updated May 2022)

Around the Žižkov Television Tower

• 11 U Houdku, Borivojova 110, Praha 3. Traditional (and inexpensive) Czech Restaurant with beer garden in summer. Lunchtime specials are particularly good value. (updated May 2022)
• 12 Pho Vietnam, Slavíkova 1, ☏ +420 775 465 678. 10:00-22:00. Authentic Vietnamese bistro, one of the best in Prague, and other dishes. (updated May 2022)

Around the Vítkov landmark

• 13 Barfud, Husitská 3, Prague 3. Wisconsin-themed American diner serving burgers, sandwiches and chicken wings (updated Feb 2024)
• 14 Žižkovská štrúdlárna, Jeseniova 29, Prague 3. Czech cuisine. Home-baked apple strudel. Locally run, so there may be a language barrier. (updated May 2022)

Mid-range

• 15 Lokál Hamburk, Sokolovská 55, ☏ +420 222 310 361. Part of famous Ambi restaurant group. (updated May 2022)
• 16 Highland Steak House, Lucemburská 28, ☏ +420 222 714 653. 11:00-23:00. Steaks and burgers (updated May 2022)
• 17 Plzeňka Olše, Táboritská 17/26. Czech. Well known for its unpasteurized Pilsner beer. Menu in Czech and English. (updated May 2022)
• 18 Fosil, Milicová 25. 12:00-24:00. Authentic Mexican. (updated May 2022)
• 19 Spice India, Husitska 37 (bus stop U Pamatniku). 12:00-23:00. Indian and Bangladeshi cuisine. Take-away available. Lunch menu from 79 Kč. 
• 20 Café Pavlac, Víta Nejedlého 23. (updated May 2022)
• 21 Taverna Olympos, Kubelíkova 9. 11:30–00:00. Greek cuisine (updated May 2022)
• 22 Indian Restaurant Pind Prague, Korunní 67. Indian cuisine, possible to sit outside. (updated May 2022)
• 23 U Bohouše, Polská 34. 11:00-23:00. Mostly Czech cuisine. (updated May 2022)
• 24 Dish - fine burger bistro, Římská 29. 11:00–23:00. Temporarily closed as of May 2022. Home-made burgers and chips. 
• 25 Third Coast Pizza, Chvalova 1, Prague 3. Highly filling Detroit-style deep dish pizza joint (updated Feb 2024)
• 26 Pub Na Plech, Bořivojova 25, Prague 3. Czech restaurant with a few vegetarian options (updated Feb 2024)
• 27 Restaurace u Agamy, Štítného 35, Prague 3, ☏ +420607868427. Restaurant with many gluten-free and dairy-free options, including gluten-free beer (updated Feb 2024)

Splurge

• 28 Restaurace Botanic, Olbrachtova 54 (about 5 minutes walking, west on Olbrachtova, from the Budějovická Metro station (C line)), ☏ +420 241 440 504. 11:00-23:00. Czech restaurant. (updated May 2022)
• 29 Mailsi, Lipanská 1, ☏ +420 222 717 783. 12:00-15:00, 18:00-23:00. Pakistani. Menu in Czech and English. Friendly family atmosphere with several aquariums. (updated May 2022)
• 30 Bruxx. Belgian. Seafood and beer (dozens of kinds). (updated May 2022)
• 31 Oblaca. Award-winning fine dining restaurant on the lower deck of the Žižkov TV tower with spectacular views over the city. (updated Feb 2024)

Buy

• 1 Bohemian Retro, Chvalova 8. Tu-F 11:00-19:00. Vintage clothing and accessories. 
• 2 Shalamar, Lipanská 3 (Tram Lipanska). 10:00 – 19:00. small Indian and Pakistani food store. 
• 3 Adelaide, Blodkova 2, ☏ +420 222 515 279. M-F 10:00-18:00, Sa 10:00-12:00. Shop with hand-made and original clothes and gifts. (updated Jun 2016)

Shopping malls

• 4 Atrium Flora, Vinohradská 151, Praha 3. Modern shopping mall with IMAX cinema. At Flora station on the green metro line. 
• 5 Letňany Shopping Centre (OC Letňany), Veselská 663, Praha 9 (Metro C: Letňany then free bus). Huge shopping centre north of the city. 

Drink

• 1 Palác Akropolis, Kubelíkova 27, Praha 3, ☏ +42 296 330 911, info@palacakropolis.cz. An alternative club that often hosts international rock acts. 
• 2 Černá Vdova (Black Widow), Štítného 8. 17:00-03:00. Unusual bar specializing in cocktails. Pilsner Urquell, Gambrinus and Guinness on tap. Summer beer garden, free grill available. Late-night pizza, possible take-away for 110 Kč. Happy hours 17:00-20:00 daily (pint of Guinness for 60 Kč). Staff speaks Czech and English. Possible group reservations. 
• 3 Spirit Bar, Dalimilova 2. 11:00 - 02:00. 
• 4 U Sadu, Škroupovo náměstí 5 (Jiřího z Poděbrad Metro (323 m)), ☏ +420 222 727 072. Several draught beers including Gambrinus and Svijany, each served at 32 Kč per half litre. Open until 04:00; kitchen also open late, but dependent on customers as to how late. 
• 5 U Vystrelenyho oka (At the Shot-Out Eye), U Bozich Bojovniku 3. Famous Zizkov pub serving Pilsner and Gambrinus on tap. Unusual artwork depicting the Battle of Vitkov Hill. Serves bar food (fried cheese, goulash, sausage). Staff speaks mainly Czech but an English menu is available. 
• 6 Tiki Taky, Cimburkova 22. 18:00 - 05:00. Tiki bar. Specializes in cocktails. Staff speaks Czech and English. 
• 7 Bukowski's Bar, Bořivojova 86 (Tram: Lipanská). Cocktails. 
• 8 Sedm Vlků (Seven Wolves), Vlkova 7 (Tram: 05, 09, 26 (Stop: Viktoria Žižkov)). 
• 9 Kaaba Café, Mánesova 20. 08:00 - 00:00. small café, friendly atmosphere (updated May 2016)
• 10 Vinohradský pivovar ((Vinohrady brewery)), Korunní 106. Brewery with restaurant renewed in 2013. Interior of restaurant is very simple and modern. (updated May 2016)
• 11 mamacoffe, náměstí Jiřího z Poděbrad 12, ☏ +420 773 656 958. M-F 08:00-19:00, Sa Su 09:00-19:00. Fair trade café, one of four mamacofee cafés in Prague. (updated Jun 2016)
• 12 U Posledního soudu, Jagellonská 8, Praha 3, ☏ +420 603 412 671. Small but great and inexpensive wine bar serving Czech wines and wines from neighboring countries. (updated Jun 2016)
• 13 Maleše Microbrewery (Malešický mikropivovar), Malešická 126/50, ☏ +420 727 803 872, info@malesickymikropivovar.cz. A nice new brewery in Malešice district. (updated Oct 2018)
• 14 El Mágico, Chemická 953, ☏ +420 702 155 950, elmagico@elmagico.cz. A popular club in university campus (thus popular especially among local students). Owing to its distance and target group, beer is 40 Kč and entry fee is no more than 50 Kč. There is a direct night bus 511 from a bus stop near this club to the centre. (updated Oct 2018)
• 15 Shadow Cafe, Křižíkova 134/58, ☏ +420 725 800 576, karlin@shadowcafe.cz. A nice rooftop bar near Křížikova metro station. Come early (18:00) on Friday or there will not be a place for you. (updated Oct 2018)
• 16 Bar Milá tchýně, Minská 626/11, ☏ +420 723 675 950, info@milatchyne.cz. A nice bar in Vršovice district, a lot of people on Fridays (updated Oct 2018)
• 17 Café V Lese ((Forest Café)), Krymská 12. 12:00–03:00. Café with a gallery and music club, runned by famous Czech activist Ondřej Kobza. (updated May 2016)
• 18 Kolčavka Brewery (Pivovar Kolčavka), ulice Nad Kolčavkou 907/8, ☏ +420 736 735 685, spravce@pivovarkolcavka.cz. A nice small brewery in Libeň district (updated Oct 2018)

Sleep

Many hotels and hostels in Prague 3 are located just 15 minutes walking distance from the center of Prague.

Budget

• 1 Czech Inn, Francouzska 76, ☏ +420 267 267 600. With its chic-modern design, Czech Inn offers a wide variety in accommodation from shared rooms, private double rooms, and apartments. Breakfast buffet served daily, with a trendy bar to try your favorite Czech beers and cocktails. Prices from 275 Kč for a shared room and 1,250 Kč for a private double room. 
• 2 Hostel Elf, ☏ +42 222 540 963, info@hostelelf.com. Husitska 11, Žižkov. Smokey common area, free internet and wacky rooms. Breakfast and free tea and coffee all day are included. Dorms, doubles, triples, privates with bathroom or without. There are four (or more) different seasons with different prices. In low season fifth night free. 
• 3 Three Crowns Hotel, Cimburkova 28, ☏ +420 222 781 112, hotel@3korunky.cz. 
• 4 Clown and Bard Hostel, Borivojova 102, Žižkov, ☏ +42 222 716 453, reservations@clownandbard.com. With a lively vibe and a bar in the basement there's always something going on at the hostel too, though it's not the cleanest or newest in town. Free breakfast and internet is available for all guests and rooms in the very large dorm start at 300 Kč. For those who want a little privacy, five-bed dorms, six-bed privates and doubles are available for 380 Kč, 400 Kč and 500 Kč respectively. 
• 5 Guesthouse Chlumova, Chlumova 10. Mid-priced guesthouse located 1 block from the Lipanska (tram 9) tram stop. Private rooms, some with a private bathroom and kitchenette. Staff speaks Czech, English, Spanish and Russian. 
• 6 a&o Hostel Prague Rhea, 19, V Úžlabině 3068. (updated May 2022)

Mid-range

• 7 Hotel Amadeus, Dalimilova 10, ☏ +420 224 238 150, info@amadeushotel.cz. From €38 per night.. 
• 8 Hotel Claris, Slezská 26, ☏ +420 242 446 111. All of the 24 rooms are equipped with shower/bath, WC, hair dryer, sat TV, IDD telephone with voice mail, safe and free Wi-Fi. 
• 9 Hotel Anna, Budečská 17, ☏ +420 222 513 111. Each of the 22 rooms is equipped with shower & WC, hair dryer, IDD telephone, satellite TV and a safety deposit box. 
• 10 Hotel Florenc, Křižíkova 11 (opposite Karlinske Divadlo (Karlin Theatre)), ☏ +420 224 816 247, hf@hotel-florenc.cz. 
• 11 Clarion Congress Hotel Prague, Freyova str., Prague 9 (metro line B at the Vysocanska station, just 10 minutes by metro from the centre). 4-star hotel connected to the Fenix shopping gallery and close to O2 Arena. 559 modernly and appealingly furnished standard and executive rooms. Wireless internet in public areas and wired internet in the rooms. Spa and fitness facilities are available in the building at an additional cost. Rooms from €65/night. 

Splurge

• 12 Hilton Prague, Pobrezni 1, Praha 8, ☏ +420 224 841 111, fax: +420 224 842 378. Large modern hotel right on the bank of the Vltava close to the Old Town. Double rooms range from €155 per night for a simple guest room to €215 for an executive suite.