Renaissance architecture

Renaissance architecture is a neo-classic style, inspired by the examples of ancient Greek and Roman architecture and classical ideas of symmetry, clarity, beauty and harmony.

Understand

See also: Early modern Europe, Medieval and Renaissance Italy, European art

The Renaissance was a time of heightened interest in classical secular culture, art, philosophy and mythology. It was also associated with Protagoras' principle that "man is the measure of all things". This was as true of Renaissance religious art and architecture as it was of Renaissance secular art and architecture.

While Renaissance architects dismissed the pointed-arch style which had been prevalent in previous centuries, and coined the term Gothic architecture to associate it with the Goths, infamous for destroying ancient Rome, it was also an outgrowth of the Gothic period and style. In painting and sculpture, the Renaissance represented the human form more anatomically accurately than in the prior Romanesque period. But whereas, for example, Gothic cathedrals are meant to inspire awe at the power of God and the Church and make individuals who enter cathedrals feel small in comparison to the vast interiors and vaulted ceilings, Renaissance churches and secular buildings are meant to relax the individual, who has a comforting feeling that all is harmonious and in a human scale.

Elements of Renaissance architecture

• Arches - semi-circular arches often as part of arcades are component of many Renaissance buildings
• Columns - many Roman and Greek orders are used, either as support or for decorative functions
• Domes - some larger constructions, especially religious often contain large domes
• Façade - built usually of brick, parts close to ground level will often be finished with stone
• Pediment - often present over windows, doors, rarely at the top of the façade

See

Renaissance architecture

France

Northwest façade of the Château de Chambord

North façade of the Château de Montsoreau, view from the Loire

See also: Kingdom of France

• The Château de Montsoreau, in the Loire Valley, is one of the first Renaissance buildings in France, and the only one to have been built in the Loire riverbed.
• The Château de Chambord, in the Loire Valley, is perhaps the most famous Renaissance château in France.
• The Château de Chenonceau, also in the Loire Valley, is another famous Renaissance château.

Germany

• Schloss Johannisburg Aschaffenburg.

Italy

See also: Medieval and Renaissance Italy

• Florence is the city that was the foremost and earliest wellspring of the Renaissance, in large part because of the large size and influence of its mercantile class, which took over the city early in the persons of the Medici family. Fillipo Brunelleschi's bold solution for a dome over the Gothic cathedral is a big landmark on the history of architecture.
• Venice was another very important early Renaissance city, and was refuge to Greek Orthodox Christian refugees from the fall of Constantinople in 1453 and Jewish refugees from the Spanish Reconquista in 1492. Venice was an early center of printing, and the source of many new editions of ancient Greek texts, both in translations to Latin and Italian and in ancient Greek for Humanists who had devoted themselves to the study of such texts in their original language.
• Mantua - The city of the Gonzaga family. UNESCO World Heritage site.
• Rome - St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican was originally envisioned and constructed as a Renaissance cathedral, but its nave was lengthened in Baroque style in the early 17th century.

Poland

See also: Polish-Lithuanian commonwealth

Renaissances houses (Armenian tenements) in Zamość

Zamość is known for its Renaissance buildings, including its town hall.

Czech Republic

• Telč and Slavonice - well preserved renaissance towns in South Bohemia
• Litomyšl, Nové Město nad Metují and Opočno chateaus.
• Royal Summer Palace in Prague

Neo-Renaissance architecture

The Château Frontenac, a Châteauesque neo-Renaissance grand hotel, towers over Quebec City

Neo-Renaissance architecture began and flourished starting in the 19th century. One aspect of this style which travellers are likely to encounter is the Châteauesque architecture, inspired by the Renaissance châteaux of the Loire Valley, which was used in the construction of various grand hotels and estates open to the public in the United States, Canada and Europe.